Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle

ABSTRACT

A planetary gear train may include: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements; a fifth planetary gear set including thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth rotation elements; three clutches, each connecting any tow rotation elements among the first to the fifteenth rotation elements; and three brakes, each connecting any one rotation element among the first to the fifteenth rotation elements to a transmission housing.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No.10-2018-0073096 filed on Jun. 26, 2018, the entire contents of which isincorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an automatic transmission for avehicle. More particularly, the present invention relates to a planetarygear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle that improvespower delivery performance and fuel economy by achieving ten forwardspeeds and widening speed ratio span (or gear ratio span), and secureslinearity of step ratios.

Description of Related Art

Generally, an automatic transmission achieving more speed stages hasbeen developed for enhancing fuel economy and optimizing drivability.

Such an automatic transmission achieving more speed stages is necessaryto maximize power performance and driving efficiency according todownsizing of an engine. It is desperately demanded to develop highefficiency multiple-speed transmissions having excellent linearity ofstep ratios which may be used as an index closely related to drivabilitysuch as acceleration before and after shift and rhythmical engine speedto secure competitiveness of automatic transmission field.

However, in the automatic transmission, as the number of speed stagesincrease, the number of internal components increase, and as a result,mountability, cost, weight, transmission efficiency, and the like maystill deteriorate.

Accordingly, development of a planetary gear train which may achievemaximum efficiency with a small number of components may be important toincrease fuel efficiency enhancement effect through the multiple-speeds.

In the present background, an eight-speed automatic transmission hasbeen introduced recently and a planetary gear train for an automatictransmission facilitating more speed stages is under investigation.

However, since a conventional eight-speed automatic transmission hasgear ratio span of 6.5-7.5 (gear ratio span is an important factor forsecuring linearity of step ratios), improvement of power performance andfuel economy may not be great.

Furthermore, even though an eight-speed automatic transmission has gearratio span greater than 9.0, it is hard to secure linearity of stepratios. Therefore, driving efficiency of an engine and drivability of avehicle may deteriorate, and thus, development of high efficiencyautomatic transmissions which achieve at least nine forward speeds isnecessary.

The information included in this Background of the Invention section isonly for enhancement of understanding of the general background of theinvention and may not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form ofsuggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to aperson skilled in the art.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing aplanetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle havingadvantages of improving power delivery performance and fuel economy byachieving ten forward speeds and one reverse speed and reducing dragloss of clutches and brakes using five planetary gear sets but sixengaging elements.

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing aplanetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle havingfurther advantages of improving torque delivery efficiency anddurability by applying torque parallel way to a planetary gear set at anoutput side and minimizing torque share of each planetary gear set andeach engaging element.

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing ahigh-efficiency planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for avehicle having further advantages of increasing flexibility of outputgear ratios and improving linearity of step ratios by use of fiveplanetary gear sets for achieving ten forward speeds and one reversespeed.

A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicleaccording to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention mayinclude: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaftoutputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second,and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set includingfourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear setincluding seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourthplanetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotationelements; a fifth planetary gear set including thirteenth, fourteenth,and fifteenth rotation elements; a first shaft fixedly connected to thesecond rotation element and the input shaft; a second shaft fixedlyconnected to the fourteenth rotation element and the output shaft; athird shaft fixedly connected to the third rotation element and thefourth rotation element; a fourth shaft fixedly connected to the fifthrotation element; a fifth shaft fixedly connected to the sixth rotationelement, the seventh rotation element, and the thirteenth rotationelement; a sixth shaft fixedly connected to the eleventh rotationelement and the fifteenth rotation element; a seventh shaft fixedlyconnected to the first rotation element and the eighth rotation element;an eighth shaft fixedly connected to the ninth rotation element and thetenth rotation element; and a ninth shaft fixedly connected to thetwelfth rotation element.

The planetary gear train may further include six engaging elements, eachselectively connecting any one shaft with another shaft or any one shaftwith a transmission housing, wherein the second planetary gear set islocked-up by any one of the six engaging element, and wherein forwardspeeds or reverse speeds are achieved by operating any three engagingelements among the six engaging elements.

The six engaging elements may include: three clutches, each selectivelyconnecting any two shafts among the nine shafts; and three brakes, eachselectively connecting any one shaft among the nine shafts which is notconnected to the input shaft nor the output shaft with the transmissionhousing.

In one aspect, the six engaging elements may include: a first clutchdisposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutchdisposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutchdisposed between the third shaft and the fifth shaft; a first brakedisposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

In another aspect, the six engaging elements may include: a first clutchdisposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutchdisposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutchdisposed between the third shaft and the fourth shaft; a first brakedisposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

In other aspect, the six engaging elements may include: a first clutchdisposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutchdisposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutchdisposed between the fourth shaft and the fifth shaft; a first brakedisposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

The first rotation element may be a first sun gear, the second rotationelement may be a first planet carrier, and the third rotation elementmay be a first ring gear. The fourth rotation element may be a secondsun gear, the fifth rotation element may be a second planet carrier, andthe sixth rotation element may be a second ring gear. The seventhrotation element may be a third sun gear, the eighth rotation elementmay be a third planet carrier, and the ninth rotation element may be athird ring gear. The tenth rotation element may be a fourth sun gear,the eleventh rotation element may be a fourth planet carrier, and thetwelfth rotation element may be a fourth ring gear. The thirteenthrotation element may be a fifth sun gear, the fourteenth rotationelement may be a fifth planet carrier, and the fifteenth rotationelement may be a fifth ring gear.

The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets may bedisposed in a sequence of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifthplanetary gear sets from an engine side thereof.

A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicleaccording to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention mayinclude: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaftoutputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second,and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set includingfourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear setincluding seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourthplanetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotationelements; a fifth planetary gear set including thirteenth, fourteenth,and fifteenth rotation elements; a first shaft fixedly connected to thesecond rotation element and the input shaft; a second shaft fixedlyconnected to the fourteenth rotation element and the output shaft; athird shaft fixedly connected to the third rotation element and thefourth rotation element; a fourth shaft fixedly connected to the fifthrotation element; a fifth shaft fixedly connected to the sixth rotationelement, the seventh rotation element, and the thirteenth rotationelement; a sixth shaft fixedly connected to the eleventh rotationelement and the fifteenth rotation element; and a plurality of shaftsformed by combinations of remaining rotation elements among the rotationelements of the first, third, and fourth planetary gear sets that arenot connected to the first shaft to the sixth shaft, and each thereofselectively connectable to a transmission housing.

The plurality of shafts may include: a seventh shaft fixedly connectedto the first rotation element and the eighth rotation element; an eighthshaft fixedly connected to the ninth rotation element and the tenthrotation element; and a ninth shaft fixedly connected to the twelfthrotation element.

In one aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a secondclutch disposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a thirdclutch disposed between the third shaft and the fifth shaft; a firstbrake disposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

In another aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a secondclutch disposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a thirdclutch disposed between the third shaft and the fourth shaft; a firstbrake disposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

In other aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a secondclutch disposed between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a thirdclutch disposed between the fourth shaft and the fifth shaft; a firstbrake disposed between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; asecond brake disposed between the eighth shaft and the transmissionhousing; and a third brake disposed between the ninth shaft and thetransmission housing.

The first rotation element may be a first sun gear, the second rotationelement may be a first planet carrier, and the third rotation elementmay be a first ring gear. The fourth rotation element may be a secondsun gear, the fifth rotation element may be a second planet carrier, andthe sixth rotation element may be a second ring gear. The seventhrotation element may be a third sun gear, the eighth rotation elementmay be a third planet carrier, and the ninth rotation element may be athird ring gear. The tenth rotation element may be a fourth sun gear,the eleventh rotation element may be a fourth planet carrier, and thetwelfth rotation element may be a fourth ring gear. The thirteenthrotation element may be a fifth sun gear, the fourteenth rotationelement may be a fifth planet carrier, and the fifteenth rotationelement may be a fifth ring gear.

The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets may bedisposed in a sequence of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifthplanetary gear sets from an engine side thereof.

A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicleaccording to other exemplary embodiment of the present invention mayinclude: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an output shaftoutputting torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second,and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set includingfourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear setincluding seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourthplanetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotationelements; and a fifth planetary gear set including thirteenth,fourteenth, and fifteenth rotation elements, wherein the second rotationelement is fixedly connected to the input shaft, the fourteenth rotationelement is fixedly connected to the output shaft, the first rotationelement is fixedly connected to the eighth rotation element and isselectively connectable to a transmission housing, the third rotationelement is fixedly connected to the fourth rotation element, the fifthrotation element is selectively connectable to the fourteenth rotationelement, the sixth rotation element is fixedly connected to the seventhrotation element and the thirteenth rotation element and is selectivelyconnectable to the second rotation element, the ninth rotation elementis fixedly connected to the tenth rotation element and is selectivelyconnectable to the transmission housing, the eleventh rotation elementis fixedly connected to the fifteenth rotation element, and the twelfthrotation element is selectively connectable to the transmission housing.

Any two rotation elements among the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotationelements of the second planetary gear set may be selectively connectableto each other.

In one aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the fifth rotation element and the fourteenthrotation element; a second clutch disposed between the second rotationelement and the sixth rotation element; a third clutch disposed betweenthe fourth rotation element and the sixth rotation element; a firstbrake disposed between the first rotation element and the transmissionhousing; a second brake disposed between the ninth rotation element andthe transmission housing; and a third brake disposed between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.

In another aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the fifth rotation element and the fourteenthrotation element; a second clutch disposed between the second rotationelement and the sixth rotation element; a third clutch disposed betweenthe fourth rotation element and the fifth rotation element; a firstbrake disposed between the first rotation element and the transmissionhousing; a second brake disposed between the ninth rotation element andthe transmission housing; and a third brake disposed between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.

In other aspect, the planetary gear train may further include: a firstclutch disposed between the fifth rotation element and the fourteenthrotation element; a second clutch disposed between the second rotationelement and the sixth rotation element; a third clutch disposed betweenthe fifth rotation element and the sixth rotation element; a first brakedisposed between the first rotation element and the transmissionhousing; a second brake disposed between the ninth rotation element andthe transmission housing; and a third brake disposed between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.

According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, ten forwardspeeds and one reverse speed may be achieved by combining five planetarygear sets being simple planetary gear sets with six engaging elements.

Furthermore, since gear ratio span greater than 9.0 is secured, drivingefficiency of the engine may be maximized. Furthermore, since linearityof step ratios may be secured due to multiple speed stages, drivabilitysuch as acceleration before and after shift, rhythmical engine speed,and the like may be improved.

Furthermore, since ten forward speeds and one reverse speed are achievedby use of five planetary gear sets but the number of engaging elementsis minimized, drag loss of clutches and brakes may be reduced and powerdelivery efficiency and fuel economy may be improved.

Furthermore, since torque parallel way is applied to a planetary gearset at an output side and a torque is evenly shared to each planetarygear set and each engaging element, torque delivery efficiency anddurability may be improved.

Furthermore, since five planetary gear sets are used to achieve tenforward speeds and one reverse speed, flexibility of output gear ratiosmay be increased and linearity of step ratios may be improved.

The methods and apparatuses of the present invention have other featuresand advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in moredetail in the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, andthe following Detailed Description, which together serve to explaincertain principles of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation chart of engaging elements at each speed stage inthe planetary gear train according to the various exemplary embodimentsof the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

It may be understood that the appended drawings are not necessarily toscale, presenting a somewhat simplified representation of variousfeatures illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. Thespecific design features of the present invention as included herein,including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations,and shapes will be determined in part by the particularly intendedapplication and use environment.

In the figures, reference numbers refer to the same or equivalent partsof the present invention throughout the several figures of the drawing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of thepresent invention(s), examples of which are illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and described below. While the invention(s) willbe described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it will beunderstood that the present description is not intended to limit theinvention(s) to those exemplary embodiments. On the other hand, theinvention(s) is/are intended to cover not only the exemplaryembodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalentsand other embodiments, which may be included within the spirit and scopeof the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Hereinafter, various exemplary embodiments of the present invention willbe described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

However, parts which are not related with the description are omittedfor clearly describing the exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention and like reference numerals refer to like or similar elementsthroughout the specification.

In the following description, dividing names of components into first,second, and the like is to divide the names because the names of thecomponents are the same as each other and an order thereof is notparticularly limited.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a planetary gear train according to variousexemplary embodiments of the present invention includes first, second,third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5disposed on the same axis, an input shaft IS, an output shaft OS, nineshafts TM1 to TM9 connected to at least one rotation element of thefirst, second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2,PG3, PG4, and PG5, engaging elements including three clutches C1 to C3and three brakes B1 to B3, and a transmission housing H.

Torque input from an engine to the input shaft IS is changed bycooperation of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth planetarygear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5, and the changed torque is outputthrough the output shaft OS.

According to the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention,the planetary gear sets are disposed in a sequence of the first, second,third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5from an engine side on an axis of the input shaft IS.

The input shaft IS is an input member and a torque from a crankshaft ofthe engine is torque-converted through a torque converter to be inputinto the input shaft IS.

The output shaft OS is an output element, is disposed on the same axiswith the input shaft IS, and transmits driving torque to a driving wheelthrough a differential apparatus.

The first planetary gear set PG1 is a single pinion planetary gear setand includes a first sun gear S1 as a first rotation element N1, a firstplanet carrier PC1 as a second rotation element N2 that rotatablysupports a plurality of first pinion gears P1 disposed evenly at anexternal circumference of the first sun gear S1 and engaged with thefirst sun gear S1, and a first ring gear R1 as a third rotation elementN3 which is engaged with the first pinion gears P1 at a radial externalof the plurality of first pinion gears P1 to be operably connected tothe first sun gear S1.

The second planetary gear set PG2 is a single pinion planetary gear setand includes a second sun gear S2 as a fourth rotation element N4, asecond planet carrier PC2 as a fifth rotation element N5 that rotatablysupports a plurality of second pinion gears P2 disposed evenly at anexternal circumference of the second sun gear S2 and engaged with thesecond sun gear S2, and a second ring gear R2 as a sixth rotationelement N6 which is engaged with the second pinion gears P2 at a radialexternal of the plurality of second pinion gears P2 to be operablyconnected to the second sun gear S2.

The third planetary gear set PG3 is a single pinion planetary gear setand includes a third sun gear S3 as a seventh rotation element N7, athird planet carrier PC3 as an eighth rotation element N8 that rotatablysupports a plurality of third pinion gears P3 disposed evenly at anexternal circumference of the third sun gear S3 and engaged with thethird sun gear S3, and a third ring gear R3 as a ninth rotation elementN9 which is engaged with the third pinion gears P3 at a radial externalof the plurality of third pinion gears P3 to be operably connected tothe third sun gear S3.

The fourth planetary gear set PG4 is a single pinion planetary gear setand includes a fourth sun gear S4 as a tenth rotation element N10, afourth planet carrier PC4 as an eleventh rotation element N11 thatrotatably supports a plurality of fourth pinion gears P4 disposed evenlyat an external circumference of the fourth sun gear S4 and engaged withthe fourth sun gear S4, and a fourth ring gear R4 as a twelfth rotationelement N12 which is engaged with the fourth pinion gears P4 at a radialexternal of the plurality of fourth pinion gears P4 to be operablyconnected to the fourth sun gear S4.

The fifth planetary gear set PG5 is a single pinion planetary gear setand includes a fifth sun gear S5 as a thirteenth rotation element N13, afifth planet carrier PC5 as a fourteenth rotation element N14 thatrotatably supports a plurality of fifth pinion gears P5 disposed evenlyat an external circumference of the fifth sun gear S5 and engaged withthe fifth sun gear S5, and a fifth ring gear R5 as a fifteenth rotationelement N15 which is engaged with the fifth pinion gears P5 at a radialexternal of the plurality of fifth pinion gears P5 to be operablyconnected to the fifth sun gear S5.

Here, the term “operably connected” or the like means at least twomembers are directly or indirectly connected to each other. However, twomembers that are operably connected to each other do not always rotatewith the same rotation speed and in the same rotation direction thereof.

Here, the first rotation element N1 is fixedly connected to the eighthrotation element N8, the third rotation element N3 is fixedly connectedto the fourth rotation element N4, the sixth rotation element N6 isfixedly connected to the seventh rotation element N7 and the thirteenthrotation element N13, the ninth rotation element N9 is fixedly connectedto the tenth rotation element N10, and the eleventh rotation element N11is fixedly connected to the fifteenth rotation element N15 such that thefirst, second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2,PG3, PG4, and PG5 include nine shafts TM1 to TM9.

Here, the term “fixedly connected” or the like means at least twomembers are connected to each other to always rotate without rotationspeed difference. That is, at least two members that are fixedlyconnected to each other always rotate with the same rotation speed andin the same rotation direction thereof. Therefore, it is to beunderstood by a person of an ordinary skill in the art that the term“fixedly connected” or the like differs from the term “operablyconnected” or the like.

The nine shafts TM1 to TM9 will be described in further detail.

The first shaft TM1 is fixedly connected to the second rotation elementN2 (first planet carrier PC1) and is fixedly connected to the inputshaft IS to be continuously operated as an input element.

The second shaft TM2 is fixedly connected to the fourteenth rotationelement N14 (fifth planet carrier PC5) and is fixedly connected to theoutput shaft OS to be continuously operated as an output element.

The third shaft TM3 is fixedly connected to the third rotation elementN3 (first ring gear R1) and the fourth rotation element N4 (second sungear S2).

The fourth shaft TM4 is fixedly connected to the fifth rotation elementN5 (second planet carrier PC2).

The fifth shaft TM5 is fixedly connected to the sixth rotation elementN6 (second ring gear R2), the seventh rotation element N7 (third sungear S3), and the thirteenth rotation element N13 (fifth sun gear S5).

The sixth shaft TM6 is fixedly connected to the eleventh rotationelement N11 (fourth planet carrier PC4) and the fifteenth rotationelement N15 (fifth ring gear R5).

The seventh shaft TM7 is fixedly connected to the first rotation elementN1 (first sun gear S1) and the eighth rotation element N8 (third planetcarrier PC3).

The eighth shaft TM8 is fixedly connected to the ninth rotation elementN9 (third ring gear R3) and the tenth rotation element N10 (fourth sungear S4).

The ninth shaft TM9 is fixedly connected to the twelfth rotation elementN12 (fourth ring gear R4).

The nine shafts TM1 to TM9 fixedly connects a plurality of rotationelements among the rotation elements of the planetary gear sets PG1,PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5 with each other, are rotation members that areconnected to any one rotation element and rotate with the any onerotation element to transmit torque, are rotation members thatselectively connect any one rotation element with the transmissionhousing H, or are fixed members that directly connect any one rotationelement to the transmission housing H.

Here, the term “selectively connectable” or the like means that aplurality of shafts including the input shaft and the output shaft areconnectable to each other through at least one of the engaging elementsto rotate with the same rotation speed and in the same rotationdirection thereof, or are connectable to the transmission housingthrough at least one of the engaging elements to be fixed to thetransmission housing.

In other words, in a case that the engaging element selectively connectsa plurality of shafts to each other, the plurality of shafts rotateswith the same rotation speed and in the same rotation direction when theengaging element operates but the plurality of shafts are disconnectedfrom each other when the engaging element is released.

Furthermore, in a case that the engaging element selectively connectsany one shaft to the transmission housing, the corresponding shaft isfixedly connected to the transmission housing when the engaging elementoperates but the corresponding shaft is rotatable when the engagingelement is released.

Furthermore, in a case that the engaging element selectively connectsany one shaft to the transmission housing, the corresponding shaft isfixedly connected to the transmission housing when the engaging elementoperates but the corresponding shaft is rotatable when the engagingelement is released.

Here, the second shaft TM2 is selectively connectable to the fourthshaft TM4, and each of the first shaft TM1 and the third shaft TM3 isselectively connectable to the fifth shaft TM5.

Furthermore, each of the seventh shaft TM7, the eighth shaft TM8, andthe ninth shaft TM9 is selectively connectable to the transmissionhousing H to be operated as a selective fixed element.

Three clutches C1, C2, and C3 that are engaging elements are disposed atportions at which any two shafts among the nine shafts TM1 to TM9including the input shaft IS and the output shaft OS are selectivelyconnectable to each other.

Furthermore, three brakes B1, B2, and B3 that are engaging elements aredisposed at portions at which any one shaft among the nine shafts TM1 toTM9 is selectively connectable to the transmission housing H.

Arrangement of the six engaging elements (three clutches C1 to C3 andthree brakes B1 to B3) will be described in detail.

The first clutch C1 is disposed between the second shaft TM2 and thefourth shaft TM4 and selectively connects the second shaft TM2 to thefourth shaft TM4.

The second clutch C2 is disposed between the first shaft TM1 and thefifth shaft TM5 and selectively connects the first shaft TM1 to thefifth shaft TM5.

The third clutch C3 is disposed between the third shaft TM3 and thefifth shaft TM5 and selectively connects the third shaft TM3 to thefifth shaft TM5.

The first brake B1 is disposed between the seventh shaft TM7 and thetransmission housing H and selectively connects and fixes the seventhshaft TM7 to the transmission housing H.

The second brake B2 is disposed between the eighth shaft TM8 and thetransmission housing H and selectively connects and fixes the eighthshaft TM8 to the transmission housing H.

The third brake B3 is disposed between the ninth shaft TM9 and thetransmission housing H and selectively connects and fixes the ninthshaft TM9 to the transmission housing H.

The engaging elements including the first, second, and third clutchesC1, C2, and C3 and the first, second, and third brakes B1, B2, and B3may be multi-plates friction elements of wet type that are operated byhydraulic pressure. Multi-plates friction elements of wet type aremainly used as the engaging elements, but dog clutches, electricclutches, or magnetic clutches which may be operated by electric signalfrom an electric control unit may be used as the engaging elements.

FIG. 2 is an operation chart of engaging elements at each speed stage inthe planetary gear train according to the various exemplary embodimentsof the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, any three combinations among the first, second, andthird clutches C1, C2, and C3 and the first, second, and third brakesB1, B2, and B3 are operated to achieve ten forward speeds and onereverse speed. Shifting processes will be described.

The second clutch C2 and the first and third brakes B1 and B3 areoperated at a first forward speed D1.

In a state that the first shaft TM1 is connected to the fifth shaft TM5by operation of the second clutch C2, torque of the input shaft IS isinput into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the seventh and ninth shafts TM7 and TM9 areoperated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and thirdbrakes B1 and B3. Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shiftedinto the first forward speed, and the first forward speed is outputthrough the output shaft OS fixedly connected to the second shaft TM2.

The second clutch C2 and the second and third brakes B2 and B3 areoperated at a second forward speed D2.

In a state that the first shaft TM1 is connected to the fifth shaft TM5by operation of the second clutch C2, the torque of the input shaft ISis input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the eighth and ninth shafts TM8 and TM9 areoperated as the fixed elements by operation of the second and thirdbrakes B2 and B3. Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shiftedinto the second forward speed, and the second forward speed is outputthrough the output shaft OS fixedly connected to the second shaft TM2.

The third clutch C3 and the second and third brakes B2 and B3 areoperated at a third forward speed D3.

In a state that the third shaft TM3 is connected to the fifth shaft TM5by operation of the third clutch C3, the torque of the input shaft IS isinput into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the eighth and ninth shafts TM8 and TM9 areoperated as the fixed elements by operation of the second and thirdbrakes B2 and B3. Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shiftedinto the third forward speed, and the third forward speed is outputthrough the output shaft OS fixedly connected to the second shaft TM2.

The second and third clutches C2 and C3 and the third brake B3 areoperated at a fourth forward speed D4.

In a state that the first shaft TM1 is connected to the fifth shaft TM5by operation of the second clutch C2 and the third shaft TM3 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the third clutch C3,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the ninth shaft TM9 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the third brake B3. Therefore, the torque of theinput shaft IS is shifted into the fourth forward speed, and the fourthforward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedly connected tothe second shaft TM2.

The first and third clutches C1 and C3 and the third brake B3 areoperated at a fifth forward speed D5.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1 and the third shaft TM3 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the third clutch C3,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the ninth shaft TM9 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the third brake B3. Therefore, the torque of theinput shaft IS is shifted into the fifth forward speed, and the fifthforward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedly connected tothe second shaft TM2.

The first clutch and second clutch C1 and C2 and the third brake B3 areoperated at a sixth forward speed D6.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1 and the first shaft TM1 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the second clutch C2,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the ninth shaft TM9 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the third brake B3. Therefore, the torque of theinput shaft IS is shifted into the sixth forward speed, and the sixthforward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedly connected tothe second shaft TM2.

The first, second, and third clutches C1, C2, and C3 are operated at aseventh forward speed D7.

The second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaft TM4 by operationof the first clutch C1, the first shaft TM1 is connected to the fifthshaft TM5 by operation of the second clutch C2, and the third shaft TM3is connected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the third clutch C3.

In the instant case, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifthplanetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5 become lock-up states.Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS input to the first shaft TM1is output through the output shaft OS fixedly connected to the secondshaft TM2 without change of rotation speed.

The first clutch and second clutch C1 and C2 and the second brake B2 areoperated at an eighth forward speed D8.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1 and the first shaft TM1 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the second clutch C2,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the eighth shaft TM8 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the second brake B2. Therefore, the torque ofthe input shaft IS is shifted into the eighth forward speed, and theeighth forward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedlyconnected to the second shaft TM2.

The first and third clutches C1 and C3 and the second brake B2 areoperated at a ninth forward speed D9.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1 and the third shaft TM3 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the third clutch C3,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the eighth shaft TM8 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the second brake B2. Therefore, the torque ofthe input shaft IS is shifted into the ninth forward speed, and theninth forward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedlyconnected to the second shaft TM2.

The first and third clutches C1 and C3 and the first brake B1 areoperated at a tenth forward speed D10.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1 and the third shaft TM3 isconnected to the fifth shaft TM5 by operation of the third clutch C3,the torque of the input shaft IS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the seventh shaft TM7 is operated as the fixedelement by operation of the first brake B1. Therefore, the torque of theinput shaft IS is shifted into the tenth forward speed, and the tenthforward speed is output through the output shaft OS fixedly connected tothe second shaft TM2.

The first clutch C1 and first and third brakes B1 and B3 are operated ata reverse speed REV.

In a state that the second shaft TM2 is connected to the fourth shaftTM4 by operation of the first clutch C1, the torque of the input shaftIS is input into the first shaft TM1.

At the present state, the seventh and ninth shafts TM7 and TM9 areoperated as the fixed elements by operation of the first and thirdbrakes B1 and B3. Therefore, the torque of the input shaft IS is shiftedinto the reverse speed, and the reverse speed is output through theoutput shaft OS fixedly connected to the second shaft TM2.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Structures and operation of the planetary gear train according to thevarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention are similar tothose of the planetary gear train according to the various exemplaryembodiments of the present invention. Therefore, differences between thevarious exemplary embodiments and the various exemplary embodiments willbe described.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the third clutch C3 is disposed betweenthe third shaft TM3 and the fifth shaft TM5 and selectively connects thethird shaft TM3 to the fifth shaft TM5 in the planetary gear train inFIG. 1 according to the various exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention, but the third clutch C3 is disposed between the third shaftTM3 and the fourth shaft TM4 and selectively connects the third shaftTM3 to the fourth shaft TM4 in the planetary gear train in FIG. 3according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according tovarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

Structures and operation of the planetary gear train according to thevarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention are similar tothose of the planetary gear train according to the various exemplaryembodiments of the present invention. Therefore, differences between thevarious exemplary embodiments and the various exemplary embodiments willbe described.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the third clutch C3 is disposed betweenthe third shaft TM3 and the fifth shaft TM5 and selectively connects thethird shaft TM3 to the fifth shaft TM5 in the planetary gear train inFIG. 1 according to the various exemplary embodiments of the presentinvention, but the third clutch C3 is disposed between the fourth shaftTM4 and the fifth shaft TM5 and selectively connects the fourth shaftTM4 to the fifth shaft TM5 in the planetary gear train in FIG. 4according to the various exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, tenforward speeds and one reverse speed may be achieved by use of fiveplanetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, PG4, and PG5 and six engagingelements including three clutches C1, C2, and C3 and three brakes B1,B2, and B3.

Furthermore, since gear ratio span greater than 9.0 is secured, drivingefficiency of the engine may be maximized. Furthermore, since linearityof step ratios may be secured due to multiple speed stages, drivabilitysuch as acceleration before and after shift, rhythmical engine speed,and the like may be improved.

Furthermore, since ten forward speeds and one reverse speeds areachieved by use of the minimized number of engaging elements, drag lossof clutches and brakes may be reduced and power delivery efficiency andfuel economy may be improved.

Furthermore, since torque parallel way is applied to a planetary gearset at an output side and a torque is evenly shared to each planetarygear set and each engaging element, torque delivery efficiency anddurability may be improved.

Furthermore, since five planetary gear sets are used to achieve tenforward speeds and one reverse speed, flexibility of output gear ratiosmay be increased and linearity of step ratios may be improved.

For convenience in explanation and accurate definition in the appendedclaims, the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “outer”, “up”, “down”,“upper”, “lower”, “upwards”, “downwards”, “front”, “rear”, “back”,“inside”, “outside”, “inwardly”, “outwardly”, “internal”, “external”,“inner”, “outer”, “forwards”, and “backwards” are used to describefeatures of the exemplary embodiments with reference to the positions ofsuch features as displayed in the figures.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention have been presented for purposes of illustration anddescription. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit theinvention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously manymodifications and variations are possible in light of the aboveteachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described toexplain certain principles of the invention and their practicalapplication, to enable others skilled in the art to make and utilizevarious exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well asvarious alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that thescope of the invention be defined by the Claims appended hereto andtheir equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A planetary gear train apparatus of an automatictransmission for a vehicle, the planetary gear train apparatuscomprising: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an outputshaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including a firstrotation element, a second rotation element engaged with the firstrotation element, and a third rotation element engaged with the secondrotation element; a second planetary gear set including a fourthrotation element, a fifth rotation element engaged with the fourthrotation element, and a sixth rotation element engaged with the fifthrotation element; a third planetary gear set including a seventhrotation element, an eighth rotation element engaged with the seventhrotation element, and a ninth rotation element engaged with the eighthrotation element; a fourth planetary gear set including a tenth rotationelement, an eleventh rotation element engaged with the tenth rotationelement, and a twelfth rotation element engaged with the eleventhrotation element; a fifth planetary gear set including a thirteenthrotation element, a fourteenth rotation element engaged with thethirteenth rotation element, and a fifteenth rotation element engagedwith the fourteenth rotation element; a first shaft fixedly connected tothe second rotation element and the input shaft; a second shaft fixedlyconnected to the fourteenth rotation element and the output shaft; athird shaft fixedly connected to the third rotation element and thefourth rotation element; a fourth shaft fixedly connected to the fifthrotation element; a fifth shaft fixedly connected to the sixth rotationelement, the seventh rotation element, and the thirteenth rotationelement; a sixth shaft fixedly connected to the eleventh rotationelement and the fifteenth rotation element; a seventh shaft fixedlyconnected to the first rotation element and the eighth rotation element;an eighth shaft fixedly connected to the ninth rotation element and thetenth rotation element; and a ninth shaft fixedly connected to thetwelfth rotation element.
 2. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim1, further including: six engaging elements, each selectively connectingone shaft with another shaft among the first to ninth shafts or oneshaft among the first to ninth shafts with a transmission housing,wherein the second planetary gear set is locked-up by one of the sixengaging element, and wherein forward speeds or reverse speeds areachieved by operating three engaging elements among the six engagingelements.
 3. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim 2, wherein thesix engaging elements comprise: three clutches, each selectivelyconnecting two shafts among the first to ninth shafts; and three brakes,each selectively connecting one shaft among the first to ninth shaftswhich is not connected to the input shaft nor the output shaft with thetransmission housing.
 4. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim 2,wherein the six engaging elements comprise: a first clutch mountedbetween the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutch mountedbetween the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutch mountedbetween the third shaft and the fifth shaft; a first brake mountedbetween the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; a second brakemounted between the eighth shaft and the transmission housing; and athird brake mounted between the ninth shaft and the transmissionhousing.
 5. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim 2, wherein thesix engaging elements comprise: a first clutch mounted between thesecond shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutch mounted between thefirst shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutch mounted between thethird shaft and the fourth shaft; a first brake mounted between theseventh shaft and the transmission housing; a second brake mountedbetween the eighth shaft and the transmission housing; and a third brakemounted between the ninth shaft and the transmission housing.
 6. Theplanetary gear train apparatus of claim 2, wherein the six engagingelements comprise: a first clutch mounted between the second shaft andthe fourth shaft; a second clutch mounted between the first shaft andthe fifth shaft; a third clutch mounted between the fourth shaft and thefifth shaft; a first brake mounted between the seventh shaft and thetransmission housing; a second brake mounted between the eighth shaftand the transmission housing; and a third brake mounted between theninth shaft and the transmission housing.
 7. The planetary gear trainapparatus of claim 1, wherein the first rotation element is a first sungear, the second rotation element is a first planet carrier, and thethird rotation element is a first ring gear, wherein the fourth rotationelement is a second sun gear, the fifth rotation element is a secondplanet carrier, and the sixth rotation element is a second ring gear,wherein the seventh rotation element is a third sun gear, the eighthrotation element is a third planet carrier, and the ninth rotationelement is a third ring gear, wherein the tenth rotation element is afourth sun gear, the eleventh rotation element is a fourth planetcarrier, and the twelfth rotation element is a fourth ring gear, andwherein the thirteenth rotation element is a fifth sun gear, thefourteenth rotation element is a fifth planet carrier, and the fifteenthrotation element is a fifth ring gear.
 8. The planetary gear trainapparatus of claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, andfifth planetary gear sets are disposed in a sequence of the first,second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets from an engine sidethereof.
 9. A planetary gear train apparatus of an automatictransmission for a vehicle, the planetary gear train apparatuscomprising: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an outputshaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including a firstrotation element, a second rotation element engaged with the firstrotation element, and a third rotation element engaged with the secondrotation element; a second planetary gear set including a fourthrotation element, a fifth rotation element engaged with the fourthrotation element, and a sixth rotation element engaged with the fifthrotation element; a third planetary gear set including a seventhrotation element, an eighth rotation element engaged with the seventhrotation element, and a ninth rotation element engaged with the eighthrotation element; a fourth planetary gear set including a tenth rotationelement, an eleventh rotation element engaged with the tenth rotationelement, and a twelfth rotation element engaged with the eleventhrotation element; a fifth planetary gear set including a thirteenthrotation element, a fourteenth rotation element engaged with thethirteenth rotation element, and a fifteenth rotation element engagedwith the fourteenth rotation element; a first shaft fixedly connected tothe second rotation element and the input shaft; a second shaft fixedlyconnected to the fourteenth rotation element and the output shaft; athird shaft fixedly connected to the third rotation element and thefourth rotation element; a fourth shaft fixedly connected to the fifthrotation element; a fifth shaft fixedly connected to the sixth rotationelement, the seventh rotation element, and the thirteenth rotationelement; a sixth shaft fixedly connected to the eleventh rotationelement and the fifteenth rotation element; and a plurality of shaftsformed by combinations of remaining rotation elements among the first tothird and the seventh to twelfth rotation elements of the first, third,and fourth planetary gear sets that are not connected to the first shaftto the sixth shaft, and each thereof selectively connectable to atransmission housing.
 10. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim 9,wherein the plurality of shafts comprises: a seventh shaft fixedlyconnected to the first rotation element and the eighth rotation element;an eighth shaft fixedly connected to the ninth rotation element and thetenth rotation element; and a ninth shaft fixedly connected to thetwelfth rotation element.
 11. The planetary gear train apparatus ofclaim 10, further including: a first clutch mounted between the secondshaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutch mounted between the firstshaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutch mounted between the thirdshaft and the fifth shaft; a first brake mounted between the seventhshaft and the transmission housing; a second brake mounted between theeighth shaft and the transmission housing; and a third brake mountedbetween the ninth shaft and the transmission housing.
 12. The planetarygear train apparatus of claim 10, further including: a first clutchmounted between the second shaft and the fourth shaft; a second clutchmounted between the first shaft and the fifth shaft; a third clutchmounted between the third shaft and the fourth shaft; a first brakemounted between the seventh shaft and the transmission housing; a secondbrake mounted between the eighth shaft and the transmission housing; anda third brake mounted between the ninth shaft and the transmissionhousing.
 13. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim 10, furtherincluding: a first clutch mounted between the second shaft and thefourth shaft; a second clutch mounted between the first shaft and thefifth shaft; a third clutch mounted between the fourth shaft and thefifth shaft; a first brake mounted between the seventh shaft and thetransmission housing; a second brake mounted between the eighth shaftand the transmission housing; and a third brake mounted between theninth shaft and the transmission housing.
 14. The planetary gear trainapparatus of claim 9, wherein the first rotation element is a first sungear, the second rotation element is a first planet carrier, and thethird rotation element is a first ring gear, wherein the fourth rotationelement is a second sun gear, the fifth rotation element is a secondplanet carrier, and the sixth rotation element is a second ring gear,wherein the seventh rotation element is a third sun gear, the eighthrotation element is a third planet carrier, and the ninth rotationelement is a third ring gear, wherein the tenth rotation element is afourth sun gear, the eleventh rotation element is a fourth planetcarrier, and the twelfth rotation element is a fourth ring gear, andwherein the thirteenth rotation element is a fifth sun gear, thefourteenth rotation element is a fifth planet carrier, and the fifteenthrotation element is a fifth ring gear.
 15. The planetary gear trainapparatus of claim 9, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, andfifth planetary gear sets are disposed in a sequence of the first,second, third, fourth, and fifth planetary gear sets from an engine sidethereof.
 16. A planetary gear train apparatus of an automatictransmission for a vehicle, the planetary gear train apparatuscomprising: an input shaft receiving torque of an engine; an outputshaft outputting torque; a first planetary gear set including a firstrotation element, a second rotation element engaged with the firstrotation element, and a third rotation element engaged with the secondrotation element; a second planetary gear set including a fourthrotation element, a fifth rotation element engaged with the fourthrotation element, and a sixth rotation element engaged with the fifthrotation element; a third planetary gear set including a seventhrotation element, an eighth rotation element engaged with the seventhrotation element, and a ninth rotation element engaged with the eighthrotation element; a fourth planetary gear set including a tenth rotationelement, an eleventh rotation element engaged with the tenth rotationelement, and a twelfth rotation element engaged with the eleventhrotation element; and a fifth planetary gear set including a thirteenthrotation element, a fourteenth rotation element engaged with thethirteenth rotation element, and a fifteenth rotation element engagedwith the fourteenth rotation element, wherein the second rotationelement is fixedly connected to the input shaft, wherein the fourteenthrotation element is fixedly connected to the output shaft, wherein thefirst rotation element is fixedly connected to the eighth rotationelement and is selectively connectable to a transmission housing,wherein the third rotation element is fixedly connected to the fourthrotation element, wherein the fifth rotation element is selectivelyconnectable to the fourteenth rotation element, wherein the sixthrotation element is fixedly connected to the seventh rotation elementand the thirteenth rotation element and is selectively connectable tothe second rotation element, wherein the ninth rotation element isfixedly connected to the tenth rotation element and is selectivelyconnectable to the transmission housing, wherein the eleventh rotationelement is fixedly connected to the fifteenth rotation element, andwherein the twelfth rotation element is selectively connectable to thetransmission housing.
 17. The planetary gear train apparatus of claim16, wherein two rotation elements among the fourth rotation element, thefifth rotation element, and the sixth rotation element of the secondplanetary gear set are selectively connectable to each other.
 18. Theplanetary gear train apparatus of claim 16, further including: a firstclutch mounted between the fifth rotation element and the fourteenthrotation element; a second clutch mounted between the second rotationelement and the sixth rotation element; a third clutch mounted betweenthe fourth rotation element and the sixth rotation element; a firstbrake mounted between the first rotation element and the transmissionhousing; a second brake mounted between the ninth rotation element andthe transmission housing; and a third brake mounted between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.
 19. The planetary geartrain apparatus of claim 16, further including: a first clutch mountedbetween the fifth rotation element and the fourteenth rotation element;a second clutch mounted between the second rotation element and thesixth rotation element; a third clutch mounted between the fourthrotation element and the fifth rotation element; a first brake mountedbetween the first rotation element and the transmission housing; asecond brake mounted between the ninth rotation element and thetransmission housing; and a third brake mounted between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.
 20. The planetary geartrain apparatus of claim 16, further including: a first clutch mountedbetween the fifth rotation element and the fourteenth rotation element;a second clutch mounted between the second rotation element and thesixth rotation element; a third clutch mounted between the fifthrotation element and the sixth rotation element; a first brake mountedbetween the first rotation element and the transmission housing; asecond brake mounted between the ninth rotation element and thetransmission housing; and a third brake mounted between the twelfthrotation element and the transmission housing.